Lincoln And Abraham Lincolns I Have A Dream Speech

Once, a man named Martin Luther King Jr. asserted, â€Å"Darkness cannot drive out darkness, only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate, only love can do that.† Martin Luther King Jr. was an astute abolitionist who performed a vital speech called I Have a Dream. There is another well-known speech just like this one by Abraham Lincoln called The Gettysburg Address. After attentively analyzing, comparing, and contrasting these two fundamental speeches in history, the readers have developed a question: how are these speaker’s perspectives of America comparable? These two intellectuals had similar viewpoints of America on the injustice of the nation and used their speeches to influence the nation that segregation and slavery,†¦show more content†¦Correspondingly, Abraham Lincoln and MLK Jr. both dedicated and risked their lives for this idea of equality throughout the nation. Abraham Lincoln says in The Gettysburg Address, â€Å"It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us†¦.† The readers garner that the reason they created their speeches was a call to arms to make the racism throughout the nation widely known. They both allured their audience, every man, woman, and child in the United States of America, to know that slavery and segregation needed to stop. They intended to change the nation for the better by informing the masses about how relevant the ending of inequity is. Correspondingly, the speeches both had allusions to important historical documents in them. In Abraham Lincolns speech, The Gettysburg Address, he states in the first sentence â€Å"Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.† The readers construe that this specific line refers to 87 years from then when the founding fathers signed the Declaration of Independence giving America fre edom from Great Britain. Abraham Lincoln not only refers to an important document in US history, but MLK Jr. also mentionsShow MoreRelatedEssay on I have a dream748 Words   |  3 Pages I Have a Dream Martin Luther King 1.Comment on the language and style of King’s speech â€Å"I Have a Dream†. The speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† was delivered by Martin Luther King on the occasion of the centenary celebrations of Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation on 28th August 1963. The speech was dramatically delivered on the steps of Lincoln Memorial and it was witnessed by about two million people. This speech is often considered to be one of the greatest and notable speeches in history andRead More##ssination Of Martin Luther King Jr. And Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address914 Words   |  4 PagesAssassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. and President Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address were both written to acknowledge how war and hatred has destroyed our nation. Robert F. Kennedy’s purpose was to clarify the lack of equality and to offer sympathy to those who have been affected by hate crimes. Kennedy adopts a humanistic and humble tone in order to inform his mostly black audience of Dr. King’s death. On the other hand, Abraham Lincolnâ €™s purpose was to set the platform of unity in a nationRead MoreLincolns Efforts to Preserve the Union Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesLincoln’s efforts to preserve the Union To what extent did Lincoln’s economic, military, and political policies from 1861 to 1865 contribute to the preservation of the Union? Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860. As a president of the United States, Lincoln’s goal was to keep the Union together. The problem of slavery and the secession by the South are mainly the two issues that lead to the dissolve of the Union, in which Lincoln put all his efforts to deal with during his presidencyRead MoreThe Events Leading Up to the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln1288 Words   |  6 Pagesto the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln There are men who want to take my life. And I have no doubt they will do it. . . If it is to be done, it is impossible to prevent it. This quote can closely be related to Abraham Lincoln and his assassination. This shows that President Lincoln was committed to his beliefs and traditions. When Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, it was because his killer was an anti-abolitionist, and he did not agree with Lincoln’s ways. He was a strong and intellectualRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1117 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular historian he challenges in his writings is Abraham Lincoln. According to Hofstadter, Abraham Lincoln was â€Å"the exemplar of the self-made man,† he was a very humble man that easily pleased the people and easily attained very high political ranking, as well as success and a lot of power. Abraham Lincoln’s flaws as a president were often overlooked because many Americans felt as if he brought to life what is known to be the great American dre am. Because of this, many of his good qualities wereRead MoreI Have A Dream Allusion Essay700 Words   |  3 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. portrays the message in his speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† that the Constitution guarantees to everyone the rights of equality and freedom no matter their skin color. In the speeches â€Å"I Have a Dream† by Martin Luther King Jr. and â€Å"The Gettysburg Address† by Abraham Lincoln, the authors, both use allusions similar and different from each other to convey the message that everyone is guaranteed the rights of equality and freedom. A similarity in their use of allusions is that they bothRead MoreRebuilding the Government: United States History1998 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Critical Essay One Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president, was one of the most decorated commander-in-chiefs in American History, due to his never-ending push to mend our broken nation and move to the beginning. Nevertheless, many African Americans were forced to come to America to be sold into slavery in 1619. While the treatment of slaves was very unfair and, in many cases, inhumane, and was plagued with a lifetimeRead MoreJiayun1132 Words   |  5 PagesYassin Abraham Lincoln On February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of United States came into the world in a poor family in Hardin County, Kentucky. When Lincoln was born, he was given his paternal grandfathers name. His father, Thomas Lincoln was a farmer and shoemaker with only a little amount of knowledge. However, Abrahams father gained respect of the community because he purchased his own land twice. His religious beliefs against slavery deeply influenced Abraham in his childhoodRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln1145 Words   |  5 Pages Abraham Lincoln was a man who was best known for bold standing against the difficult problems of his day. Issues such as slavery, negro social and political rights, and saving the Union in a nation based on the Declaration of Independence. Lincoln had many strength as well as flaws. He considered himself a common man and was not interested in his ancestry. Lincoln was a self educated man, who had never had a full year of schooling in his life. But, the 16th President of the United StatesRead MoreComparasion Essay Abraham Lincoln vs Martin Luther King1213 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr. Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King both influenced history at different time for very similar beliefs. They bought fought for civil rights of African Americans who did not always have the rights they have now. They were once slaves and owned by white people .As slaves they were required to do what they were told. A slave had no rights and was treated like a nobody. They were often beaten physically and mentally. Lincoln fought for the freedom of slaves

The Sociological Evolution Of Humankind - 897 Words

The sociological evolution of humankind has brought upon several types of societies that have allowed us to categorize their progressive benchmarks as a whole. Two of the main society-types that are worth being considered are the simple and advanced horticultural societies. The two society-types are perhaps very similar in certain descriptions, however they differ from one another in specific social characteristics. Generally, the two horticultural societies are considered to be less primitive when compared to the social characteristics of its predecessor society—hunting- gathering. In fact, the first evidence of a division of labor happened to appear in simple horticultural societies, whereas the people from the hunting-gathering societies lacked the development specializations related to the production of food. On the other hand, the two horticultural societies were not considerably defined as the full potential of the human species. The understanding of how the society-type s were correlated towards a progressive direction is nonetheless revealed once the two horticultural societies are compared and contrasted. To begin contrasting the two societies, the simple horticultural societies were first of all known to be composed of smaller population numbers as opposed to the advanced horticultural societies. More specifically, the simple horticultural societies contained 13.8 persons per square mile as opposed to the advanced horticultural societies which contained 42.7Show MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Designer Babies943 Words   |  4 Pagesadvanced or scientifically intelligent. We have the ability to explore outer space and the depths of the oceans. We are even in the process of developing organs using 3D printing technology. But there is a limit to the extent of advancements that humankind can reach before some begin to pose dangers to humanity or become unethical. Currently, technology is being developed to expand the procedure of in vitro fertilization to genetically modify embryos. The products of this engineering are commonly knownRead MoreA Research Study Of Sociology1708 Words   |  7 Pages Scientists have been looking over groups and societies and observing them for many years. In doing this they were examining individuals of different social classes along with statuses and observing their role in humankind this they labeled as the study of sociology. This evolved into a form of study beginning in the 19th century as scientists began to observe and study differences in social classes among people. The way people communicate together, the way they act, and the way they work togetherRead MoreArranged Marriage And Other Types Of Marriage1635 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. There are multiple views on arranged marriage, both positive and negative. In the west, most individuals have negative opinions on arranged marriage. 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Gene technology requires dealing with, and reinterpreting terms such as reproduction, individuality, history, freedom and subjectivity. Many people consider 1989 as the symbolic turning point, when the epoch of history and society started to be replaced by the epoch of biotechnology, genetic engineering or most recently evolution-technology. We can say, that we are at the beginningRead More Sexual Deviancy and the Internet Essay examples1769 Words   |  8 PagesPedophiles and rapists use these forms to lure their next victim into their clutches. As our technology increases for the purported betterment of mankind so does the exploitation of that which was meant for good. It wasn’t always this way, evolution of humankind and technology form a dangerous mix. If evolutionary change has taught us anything, it’s that behaviors and attitudes change with the times. Sexual acts historically were and sometimes still are, seen as private and sacred acts of sexualRead MoreArranged Marriage From The Perspective Of All Three Social Sciences1950 Words   |  8 Pagesof many. There are multiple views on arranged marriage, both positive and negative. Here in the west many have negative opinions on arranged marriages. Arranged marriage can be researched and analyzed from an anthropological, psychological and sociological perspective. Through the three perspectives, many distinctive differences and similarities between arranged marriage and other types of marriage such as love/choice marriage can be seen. This research essay will analyze arranged marriage from theRead MoreArranged Marriage From The Perspective Of All Three Social Sciences2030 Words   |  9 Pagesmany. There are multiple views on arranged marriage, both positive and negative. In the west most individuals have negative opinions on arranged marriages. Arranged marriage can be researched a nd analyzed from an anthropological, psychological and sociological perspective. Through the three perspectives, many distinctive differences and similarities between arranged marriage and other types of marriage such as love/choice marriage can be seen. This research essay will analyze arranged marriage from theRead MoreThe Genders Essay2071 Words   |  9 Pagesclasses by which bourgeois exploitation occurs: accumulation of the surplus values of workers labor, the commodification of social life, the division between mental and manual labor, etc. Marxs concept stands in sharp contrast to more dominant sociological discussions of class that lose the Marxist idea of class-based exploitation by defining class as a stratum marked by life-styles, educational achievements, and income. Therefore, according to Marxs definition, men and women could never be in

Corporate Governance Tourism

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance Tourism. Answer: Introduction Tourism industry plays an important role for managing the activities of tourist and providing effective destination and time management for the tourists (Komppula 2014). The report shows the analysis of the role of director and their selection criteria for the Tourism Australia. Position Description of Director in Tourism Australia According to Nickson (2013), the director plays an important role for performing all the activities of the business operations of the Tourism Australia. The director is bound to perform activities like, 1. Conduct Board Of Director meetings 2. Fix the targets and monitor the performance (financial as well) 3. Approve the strategies of Tourism Australia 4. Align the objectives according to the requisites 5. Consider the annual management budget 6. Identify the corporate risks and analyze the mitigation techniques 7. Determine the level of authority as per the delegations Figure 1: Context of Tourism Australias governance (Source: Dredge and Jamal 2013, pp- 579) Selection criteria for Director in Tourism Australia According to Houlihan et al. (2013), the criteria for being selected as the director of Tourism Australia are; Perquisites: The candidate must have tertiary level of qualifications within the tourism field for employment in Tourism Australia. Preference: The candidate having previous experiences in administration of tourism industry would be preferred for the job in Tourism Australia. Skills: According to Flaherty and Choi (2014), prone to use computer knowledge, good administrative skills, use of polite language for communication, neat and professional attire, caring disposition, and approach should be energetic for customer service. Conclusion The director of Tourism Australia has to provide effective leadership and management, and control and monitor all the activities of the business. The appointment of director in Tourism Australia would require application for governance tools and identification of the stakeholders for the business. References: Dredge, D. and Jamal, T., 2013. Mobilities on the Gold Coast, Australia: Implications for destination governance and sustainable tourism.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,21(4), pp.557-579. Flaherty, J. and Choi, H.S.C., 2014. Is writing important for graduate success? A preliminary investigation into the communication skills required of Hospitality and Tourism graduates.Teaching and Learning Innovations,16. Houlihan, S., Perez, L., Houlihan, D. and Kruger, A., 2013. Creation of a Selection Program for Indigenous Students at an Eco-tourism Focused High School in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region.Education Research Journal,3(4), p.83. Komppula, R., 2014. The role of individual entrepreneurs in the development of competitiveness for a rural tourism destinationA case study.Tourism Management,40, pp.361-371. Nickson, D., 2013.Human resource management for hospitality, tourism and events. Routledge.

This Earth of Mankind Essay Example

This Earth of Mankind Paper This report is based on an interview of Pramodeya Ananta Toer which explains the background thought processes of his four book series the â€Å"Buru Quartet† however the references taken shall be based solely on the first book of the quartet â€Å"This Earth of Mankind†. Pramodeya says that the idea for Minke the male protagonist of the quartet was based mostly on â€Å"Willem Wertheim† a Dutch scholar, this seems mostly ironic as one of the main antagonists in the novel happens to be the Dutch government and it is against Dutch colonialism that Minke stands up but as Toer says â€Å"He brought out the characters who had been erased from our history. Not only this but also â€Å"I had students pore over newspaper stories from the period and wove episodes into the plot† thus it cannot be said that the lead character was based solely on one inspiration, however we do see that Minke happens to be more ambitious than his fellow countrymen and also has a more enlightened attitude which does have a European or in this case Dutch in nature and hence could explain Toer saying he was based on Willem. We also notice the similarity of the book with the events at the time when Toer was writing the book such as the power of the ruling government to take over private businesses in order to run them ‘fairly† and act as caretakers as seen in the Dutch taking over the Nyai’s business, and we also see the apparent class system and high level of social segregation which was still present in Toer’s time, it also seems that Pramodeya did have a direct source to base Minke on in the form of the Philippine novelist ‘Jose Rizal’ who was executed by the Spanish in 1896 after three years of imprisonment and torture for championing freedom from colonial rule however he does not mention this. We will write a custom essay sample on This Earth of Mankind specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on This Earth of Mankind specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on This Earth of Mankind specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We also see that Minke’s main enemy other than the Dutch was Robert Surhoff a man so confused by his own birth that he develops a superiority complex in order to make himself appear better than his fellow countrymen as can be seen by his calling Minke Indo all the time considering the title ‘Bupati’ beneath him even though it was a position of power more than he could ever have this however was one of the numerous people suffering from similar Psychological problems due to the changing time. The idea as Toer says came from an Eurasian gang organized by the Dutch to terrorize the people of Jakarta and this is also pretty much what Robert Surhoff is also doing, another thing that is also most remarkable is the irony of the situation that the very people they try to imitate and please, by harming their own brethren in order to get their acceptance do not treat them with much respect and also consider them below their level. Which can be seen in the novel that the Dut ch born first son of Mr. Mellema is given preference to the property over Mellema’s half Dutch children this concept is a forerunner to the idea of 2nd class or 3rd class citizenship which is still another form of Racism left over from colonial rule. Pramodeya’s inspiration from other works such as John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice and Men† and the works of Gorky and Tolstoy are quite evident. Pramodeya integrated the running theme of â€Å"Try to understand each other† from ‘Of Mice and Men’ into his quartet as it seems the only way out of the problem that the colonials and the colonialists are facing is if the two groups try and understand each other and Pramodeya in a way is showing what happens when individuals and communities on a whole do not understand the other persons view point and try to assert that they are right or superior over the other. Other concepts also evidently integrated in the novel taken from Steinbeck’s novel are dreams, loneliness, how mans prosperity achieves cruelty, powerlessness, and uncertainty of the future — or fate. All seen in the life of Minke and how he progresses through out the first novel as not only his rise to fame gain him the enemity of his Rubert Surhoff and Mellema but also that of his brother to an extent and also that he dreams of changing not only his life but also the life of his fellow people however in the face of the unexpected events and ‘fate’ he was helpless/powerless. Also from Gorky’s work we see Pramodeya geting the idea of showing the social fabric of Indonesia in the novel and to show the distinctive charecterists of Indonesian people and to give a psychological aspect to the novel.

Quotations from President Abraham Lincoln

Quotations from President Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln served as Americas 16th President of the United States, during the American Civil War. He was  assassinated soon after beginning his second term as president. Following are quotes from the man many believe to be the most significant president.   On Patriotism and Politics With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nations wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and his orphan - to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. Said during the Second Inaugural Address  given on  Saturday, March 4, 1865. What is conservatism? Is it not adherence to the old and tried, against the new and untried? Stated during the Cooper Union Speech made on February 27, 1860.   A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house to fall - but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one  thing,  or all the other. Stated in the House Divided speech delivered at the Republican State Convention on June 16,  1858  in Springfield, Illinois.   On Slavery and Racial Equality If slavery is not wrong, nothing is wrong. Stated in a letter to A. G. Hodges written on April, 4, 1864.   [A]mong free men, there can be no successful appeal from the ballot to the bullet; and that they who take such appeal are sure to lose their cause, and pay the cost. Written in a letter to James C. Conkling. This was to be read to individuals who attended a rally on September 3, 1863.   As a nation, we began by declaring that all men are created equal. We now practically read it, All men are created equal, except Negroes. When the Know-Nothings get control, it will read, All men are created equal except Negroes, and foreigners, and Catholics. When it comes to this I should prefer emigrating to some other country where they make no pretense of loving liberty - to Russia, for instance, where despotism can be taken pure, without the base alloy of hypocrisy. Written in a letter to Joshua Speed on August 24, 1855. Speed and Lincoln had been friends since the 1830s.   On Honesty Truth is generally the best vindication against slander. Stated  in a letter to the Secretary of War Edwin Stanton on July 18, 1864. It is true that you may fool all of the people some of the time; you can even fool some of the people all the  time; but  you cant fool all of the people all the time. Attributed to Abraham Lincoln. However, there is some question about this.   On Learning [B]ooks serve to show a man that those original thoughts of his arent very new, after all. Recalled by J. E. Gallaher in his book about Lincoln called Best Lincoln Stories: Tersely Told  published in 1898.

Why September is Atlantic Hurricane Season

Why September is Atlantic Hurricane Season The Atlantic hurricane season begins on June 1, but an equally important  date to mark on your calendar is September 1- the start of the most active month for hurricane activity. Since official record keeping of  hurricanes began in 1950, over 60% of all Atlantic named storms have developed in the months of August or September. What is it about late August and September that produces a  flurry of tropical cyclones within the Atlantic Ocean? Generation of Storm Seedlings One of the reasons why cyclone activity climbs is the hyperactive African Easterly Jet (AEJ). The AEJ is an east-to-west oriented wind, much like the jet stream that flows across the US. As you may remember, temperature contrasts drive weather, including the flow of wind. The AEJ flows across Africa into the tropical Atlantic Ocean, thanks to the contrast in temperature between the dry, hot air over the Sahara Desert and the cooler, humid air over the forested areas of central Africa and the Gulf of Guinea. Since the flow near the AEJ goes faster than that further away in the surrounding air, what happens is that eddies begin to develop due to these differences  in speed. When this happens, you get whats called a tropical wave- an unstable  kink or wave in  the main flow pattern that is visible on satellite as clusters of thunderstorms. By providing the initial energy and spin needed for a hurricane to develop, tropical waves act like seedlings of tropical cyclones. The more seedlings the AEJ generates, the more chances there are for tropical cyclone development. Sea Temperatures Still in Summer Mode   Of course, having a storm seedling  is only half of the recipe. A wave wont automatically grow  into a tropical storm or  hurricane, unless several of the  atmospheres other conditions, including  sea surface temperatures (SSTs),  are favorable. While temperatures may be cooling off for us land-dwellers as fall begins, SSTs in the tropics are just reaching their peak. Because water has a higher heat capacity than land, it heats more slowly, which means the waters that have spent all summer absorbing the suns warmth are just reaching their maximum warmth at summers end. Sea surface temperatures must be 82 °F or warmer for a tropical cyclone to form and thrive, and in September, temperatures across the tropical Atlantic average 86 °F, nearly 5 degrees warmer than this threshold. Seasonal Peak   When you look at hurricane climatology, youll see a sharp increase in the number of named storms forming between  late August into September. This increase typically continues until September 10-11, which is thought of as the seasons peak. Peak doesnt necessarily  mean  multiple storms will form at once  or be active across the Atlantic on this particular date, it simply highlights when the bulk of named storms will have occurred by.  After this peak date, storm activity typically declines gently, with another five named storms, three hurricanes, and one major hurricane  occurring on average by the seasons November 30 end. Most Atlantic  Hurricanes at Once Although the word peak doesnt necessarily point to when the greatest number of cyclones will happen at once, there are several occasions when it did. The record for most hurricanes to ever occur at the same time in the Atlantic basin occurred in September 1998, when as many as four hurricanes- Georges, Ivan, Jeanne, and Karl- simultaneously spun across the Atlantic. As for the most tropical cyclones (storms and hurricanes) to ever exist at one time, a maximum of five  occurred on September 10-12, 1971. Peak Locations   Cyclone activity not only heats up in September but the activity in places where you can expect cyclones to spin up increases, as well. In late summer and early fall, theres generally an increased chance that storms will develop in the Caribbean Sea, along the Eastern Atlantic Seaboard, and in the Gulf of Mexico. By November, cold fronts and increasing wind shear- two disrupters to tropical development- penetrate into the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, and sometimes into the western Caribbean Sea as well, which spells the end of the peak August-October period.

Why September is Atlantic Hurricane Season

Why September is Atlantic Hurricane Season The Atlantic hurricane season begins on June 1, but an equally important  date to mark on your calendar is September 1- the start of the most active month for hurricane activity. Since official record keeping of  hurricanes began in 1950, over 60% of all Atlantic named storms have developed in the months of August or September. What is it about late August and September that produces a  flurry of tropical cyclones within the Atlantic Ocean? Generation of Storm Seedlings One of the reasons why cyclone activity climbs is the hyperactive African Easterly Jet (AEJ). The AEJ is an east-to-west oriented wind, much like the jet stream that flows across the US. As you may remember, temperature contrasts drive weather, including the flow of wind. The AEJ flows across Africa into the tropical Atlantic Ocean, thanks to the contrast in temperature between the dry, hot air over the Sahara Desert and the cooler, humid air over the forested areas of central Africa and the Gulf of Guinea. Since the flow near the AEJ goes faster than that further away in the surrounding air, what happens is that eddies begin to develop due to these differences  in speed. When this happens, you get whats called a tropical wave- an unstable  kink or wave in  the main flow pattern that is visible on satellite as clusters of thunderstorms. By providing the initial energy and spin needed for a hurricane to develop, tropical waves act like seedlings of tropical cyclones. The more seedlings the AEJ generates, the more chances there are for tropical cyclone development. Sea Temperatures Still in Summer Mode   Of course, having a storm seedling  is only half of the recipe. A wave wont automatically grow  into a tropical storm or  hurricane, unless several of the  atmospheres other conditions, including  sea surface temperatures (SSTs),  are favorable. While temperatures may be cooling off for us land-dwellers as fall begins, SSTs in the tropics are just reaching their peak. Because water has a higher heat capacity than land, it heats more slowly, which means the waters that have spent all summer absorbing the suns warmth are just reaching their maximum warmth at summers end. Sea surface temperatures must be 82 °F or warmer for a tropical cyclone to form and thrive, and in September, temperatures across the tropical Atlantic average 86 °F, nearly 5 degrees warmer than this threshold. Seasonal Peak   When you look at hurricane climatology, youll see a sharp increase in the number of named storms forming between  late August into September. This increase typically continues until September 10-11, which is thought of as the seasons peak. Peak doesnt necessarily  mean  multiple storms will form at once  or be active across the Atlantic on this particular date, it simply highlights when the bulk of named storms will have occurred by.  After this peak date, storm activity typically declines gently, with another five named storms, three hurricanes, and one major hurricane  occurring on average by the seasons November 30 end. Most Atlantic  Hurricanes at Once Although the word peak doesnt necessarily point to when the greatest number of cyclones will happen at once, there are several occasions when it did. The record for most hurricanes to ever occur at the same time in the Atlantic basin occurred in September 1998, when as many as four hurricanes- Georges, Ivan, Jeanne, and Karl- simultaneously spun across the Atlantic. As for the most tropical cyclones (storms and hurricanes) to ever exist at one time, a maximum of five  occurred on September 10-12, 1971. Peak Locations   Cyclone activity not only heats up in September but the activity in places where you can expect cyclones to spin up increases, as well. In late summer and early fall, theres generally an increased chance that storms will develop in the Caribbean Sea, along the Eastern Atlantic Seaboard, and in the Gulf of Mexico. By November, cold fronts and increasing wind shear- two disrupters to tropical development- penetrate into the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, and sometimes into the western Caribbean Sea as well, which spells the end of the peak August-October period.

Business extra credit questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business extra credit questions - Essay Example Therefore, the salesperson at Outdoor Outfitters should have been aware that Neal was 12 years old, and as such could not participate in any formal decision-making. The purchaser of the pair of the ski was negligent. Even after being reminded to practice before purchasing his equipment, he proceeded against the salesperson’s advice. If only had he listened to the advice given to him by the seller’s agent, then he would not have suffered those injuries as a result of the accident. Moreover, if he had practiced before purchasing the pair of ski, then he would not have had the accident to begin with. Every retailer has an obligation to ensure that their consumers are protected. Protection involves giving information relating to a product. Additionally, the seller should ensure that the person to whom the products is being sold is in a position to make wise decisions relating to the use of the product. Therefore, every seller has a duty of care to ensure consumer protection. Though the salesperson informed the 12-year-old that he had to practice first before using the pair of ski, he had a duty of ensuring that Neal did not gain access to the equipment. As such, he could have demanded that the child return with an older person with whom he could engage in a contract. However, he did not do this, and he proceeded to sell the pair of the ski to the minor. In every business transaction, there is always an invitation to trade. This involves the seller inviting the potential buyers to come to the table so as to negotiate the sale of a particular instrument. However, this does not entail that the potential buyer has an obligation to purchase the item in question. The buyer usually has two options in this scenario; either, to accept the offer or reject it. In signing a contract, both parties involved should be in their right state of mind. This involves ensuring that the parties meet the age

Bottled Water challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bottled Water challenge - Essay Example Compared to the traditional tap water, the cost of bottled water has remained relatively high and this has affected its acceptance in different parts of the society. The high cost of bottled water has been significantly felt by members of the low social class in the society whose income cannot enable them to use this category of water. Producers of bottled water have been accused of being at the forefront of environmental pollution and the entire supply chain of this commodity has been involved. First, bottled waters are packed in plastic bottles that are produced from polyethylene terephthalate polymer (Yaqub, Hamid, Haseeb, Akhtar & Akram, 2014). This toxic chemical is derived from the end phase of petroleum refining and has massive implications to the environment. In order to sustain the demand for bottled water, the plastic packaging bottles must be produced in enough quantities. This involves the involvement of big petrochemical companies such as ExxonMobil and BP whose activities have affected the environment is significant ways (Huerta-Saenz, Irigoyen, Benavides & Mendoza, 2012). Apart from the raw materials, the process of producing the bottles also require large amount of energy according to reports from the pacific institute. To package over 31 billion litres of bottled water demanded in the United States per year, a total of 17 million barrels of oil will be used and this will increase the level of greenhouse gas emission to the atmosphere. As compared to tap water that is transported through pipes sank underground, the transportation of bottled water require heavy vehicles, container ships and trucks. These not only consume significant volume of oil but also release gallons of exhaust gases into the atmosphere. Bottled water that is transported to other continents therefore affects the aquatic ecosystem and leads to an increase in marine deaths due to increase in pollution. Plastic bottles are non-biodegradable and thus affect the

How to analyze an ad Essay Example for Free

How to analyze an ad Essay Analysis of how a particular advertisement attempts to appeal to consumers By giving form to audience motives and desires, advertisers have the best chance of arresting attention and affecting communication. This is an analysis of the lift advertisement for Maxwell House Coffee created by the design agency Ogilvy Beijing of China. When the doors opened, sleepy people in an office building were shocked awake, providing a tongue-in-cheek metaphor for the effects of drinking a cup of Maxwell House Coffee. The marketplace has grown increasingly congested in a frenzied competition for the consumer’s attention. Within this context advertisers believe that in order to get consumers to buy their product ads need to have two orders of content: an appeal to deep seated emotions and information on the product. A sales pitch is used to attract attention and effectively convey the virtues of the product on offer. Elements of good layout are necessary to control the message. Emotional appeals seem to fall into several distinguishable categories. Every ad uses a variation of these appeals: the need for sex, affiliation, guidance, prominence, attention, autonomy, or the need to nurture, aggress, achieve, dominate, escape, or to feel safe. This ad totally circumvents all conscious reaction when the lift doors open to reveal a gaping hole. The illogical link between a gaping hole in the floor and a cup of Maxwell House Coffee is embedded in the metaphor: a better way to wake up. The link is forged pre-logically in the mind of the person who steps into that lift. Ones primal instinct is to protect oneself from falling. This is so deep-seated and spontaneous that the advertiser leaves no other option for the onlooker. This ad relies on aesthetic sensation for its appeal which, needless to say, has been executed with perfection. Nothing in this layout could be added or left out. Apart from the initial â€Å"shock† the onlooker has to admire the optical illusion and the cleverness of its presentation. The impact of this ad on all of one’s senses is undeniably large. Other appeals that are present in a lesser and overlapping degree are a need to nurture; a need for guidance; a need to escape; a need to feel safe; and a need for curiosity. Stylistic features are not appeals in themselves but influence the way the basic appeal is presented. This ad could be classified as avant garde. This ad is innovative, experimental and unconventional. The most striking element of the ad is the floor graphic which instantaneously grabs ones attention and penetrates the mind so profoundly, you’ll never forget the experience. The viewing angle on this ad relies on the premise that people instinctively look down when entering a lift, not only to look where they are stepping, but to avoid eye-contact with strangers. When they do look up, they look straight into the solution: a cup of steaming hot Maxwell House Coffee to â€Å"wake up†. Targeted customers: sleepy office workers. All the elements of the ad come together in a single appeal: drink Maxwell House Coffee to wake up. The vast majority of ads employ a common set of textual features: headlines, body copy, and slogans. Copywriting has a function: to sell the product. This ad epitomizes the words â€Å"art in pursuit of a business goal†. The floor graphics replace the need for a headline. The body is presented in a most refreshing way (no pun intended) and consists only of two words embedded in the steam to further engage ones imagination of the aroma of freshly brewed coffee. Body copy follows a picture and caption style. The traditional need for a slogan is sufficed by the placement of the logo of the product on the coffee cup. The elements of the layout of this ad totally control the way the message is received. The message is delivered in a uniquely creative and totally unexpected way. There is no competitive â€Å"noise† as the presence of the ad takes up the whole space within the lift. All layout elements have been used to maximum effect: attention, balance, proportion, movement, unity, clarity, simplicity and emphasis. Balance is achieved by proper weight distribution. In this ad the weight is on the floor. One’s knowledge of the effects of gravity plays a subconscious role. The tonal quality of the floor graphic and its fear inspiring content visually pulls one â€Å"to the centre of the earth and back again†. The poster is optically centered so the reader cannot miss the â€Å"sales pitch† and the artistic composition is nothing short of excellent – the floor graphics, the bare lift, the metallic surface of the lift walls and the design and placement of the single poster. In a highly original way forceful emotions are brought forth in an experience of uncontrollable surprise. The presentation of the information in the poster is reserved, dignified, formal, clean, uncluttered. One’s emotions guide the consumer through the ad, from beginning to the end. Directional impetus favors the elements to be stressed. The onlooker has nowhere to go. The recipient is taken â€Å"inside† the advertisement. Inside the lift, there is nothing to compete with it. The layout is unified by the confines of the lift, the muted colors of the walls, and the complementary colors in the poster. The inside of the lift determines the parameters of the ad space. This is a classic use of â€Å"white space† where the advertiser cleverly employs the barest necessities in such a profound way that this ad and the product it offers become unforgettable. The two important elements of shock (floor graphic) and solution (poster) are uniquely and very cleverly tied together. The message is clear and simple. Wake up with Maxwell House Coffee. Emphasis is achieved through the dominant element, the floor graphic which contrast sharply in size, placement and most of all its the impact to that of the poster which is strategically placed in the optical centre of the lift wall, directly opposite the doors (shock versus solution). Perfect. Does this ad effectively appeal to its target market? Yes, profoundly. And here is why: The chief element of this ad is the clever use of graphics to depict a gaping hole in floor of the lift. The product information is minimal as it needs no elaboration. The logo and a cup of coffee are all that is required. The rest is dependent upon the recipient’s own experience and feelings towards the product. The target market is well defined. The communication between the producer and the consumer is crystal clear and totally unambiguous: This product is experienced to be genuinely gratifying to the prospective consumer and a even non-coffee drinker will enjoy the emotional â€Å"ride† offered by the advertiser. Here both ends of the communication channel have been abundantly rewarded. The ad is clever, innovative, refreshing and directed at one appeal: drink Maxwell House Coffee. This won an international award for â€Å"Best use of Ambient Media: Large Scale† in 2008.

Comparison of an Industry :: essays research papers

With the Internet fast becoming the platform of the day for conducting commercial activities and business transactions, it is important for companies to take advantage of information communication technologies, electronic commerce, mobile computing, and software agents. Internet technologies bring about opportunities for automating customer transactions, internal business processes, as well as business collaborations with associate companies or alliance members for both B2C and B2B e-commerce activities. Electronic commerce, simply put, is the exchange of money for goods and services via electronic means. In other words, electronic commerce is when a consumer purchases something off of the Internet. Electronic commerce is often referred to as e-commerce, or e-business which is a subset of e-commerce. E-business can be anything from purchasing a toaster from a department store online to checking your bank statement online. All are examples of the many aspects of e-business. In today's business world, e-business activities of various types contribute significantly to the efficiency of business processes, and to the recognition of products and services. The Internet plays a very important role in this process, as it offers numerous possibilities for communication with customers and performance of business activities. No wonder it has become a tool used daily by suppliers of products and services, as well as their users. For example a growing number of companies in the travel industry make use of the Internet platform as virtual shops for marketing and selling travel products and services. Web travel sales has almost doubled annually for the past three years. In 2003, Internet online sales reached 10% of the total bookings and business transactions of the travel industry, including the airlines, hotels, and car rental companies. The followings are indications of the current trends, activities and features: 1. Many hotels have set up their own Web sites to market and sell their hotel rooms (e.g. Holiday Inn, Sheraton Hotels, and the Marriott chain). Most sites allow visitors to check rates and availability, make reservations, and receive a confirmation number within a minute or so of the reservation request. 2. Airlines are selling tickets via their Internet portal at reduced prices. 3. Car rental companies do not hesitate in putting up Web sites to handle reservations (e.g. Hertz, Avis). 4. Travel companies compete with one another and various Internet travel portals by offering their own Internet e-shops that market their travel packages as well as provide reservation services for airfares, lodgings, and various travel products.

The Prevalence of Teenage Suicides Nowadays

During the teen years, adolescents go through many different changes. These changes cause many teens to feel as though they are the only ones that have these feelings and that no one can help them. The teen that develops these types of mentality generally has little help from friends and family to overcome the feelings that could possibly lead to suicide. Suicide is when someone tries to kill himself or herself. Teen suicide is based on the same idea, but it is for people that are teenagers. About 5,000 teenagers kill themselves every year. That makes teen suicide the third leading cause of death for teenagers next to accidents and crime. The thought of killing oneself as a solution for problems at school is common for grade school and college kids. On the grade school side, 9% think of suicide, 2% seriously consider suicide, and 1-% attempts it. On the college side, the numbers multiply by five times. A whopping 43% think about it, 15% seriously consider it, and 5% attempt it (1). The actual number of suicides is higher than the estimated one because they are not classified as suicides. They are classified as accidents or victims of crime. A car that crashed into a tree could be called an accident, but if the car was working perfectly and the driver was not under the influence of drugs or alcohol it would be called a suicide. Young males are five times more likely to commit suicide than young females. Females are more unsuccessful when committing suicide because they are more apt to ingest drugs or cut their wrists. Doctors still have time to save them. On the other hand, boys more commonly hang themselves or jump off tall buildings. The use of firearms in teen suicides is about the same for both sexes. By the time that doctors get to them, they're dead. It has been found that there are more white teenagers than black teenagers who kill themselves; and that teenagers in the western area of the United States are more likely to be suicidal because more people own firearms in the West (2). Teens are in a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, and this can lead to confusion and anxiety at times. Teens with an adequate support network of friends, family, religious affiliation, peer groups, or extracurricular activities may have an outlet to deal with their everyday frustrations. Teens without an adequate support network, however, may feel disconnected and isolated from their family and peer group. It's these teens who are at increased risk for suicide if they are unable to deal with their problems. Sheslow further emphasizes the importance of a support network for teens who have suffered physical or sexual abuse and those who have very poor relationships with their parents. Doctors at the American Psychiatric Association (APA) say that teens considering suicide often face problems that are out of their control -divorce, alcoholism of a family member, or exposure to domestic violence, for example. A family history of depression or suicide is another significant risk factor. Since depressive illnesses may have a genetic component, some teens may be predisposed to suffer major depression. Feelings of helplessness and worthlessness may accompany the depression. Feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness are major risk factors for suicide. A teen, for example, who experiences repeated failures at school, who is overwhelmed by violence at home, who is isolated from peers, or who faces the social stigma of homosexuality alone is likely to experience such feelings. â€Å"If he sees himself as inadequate and worthless and he believes the future is unchangeable, these are clear warning signs of possible trouble,† says Dr. Sheslow (3). Sometimes teens will attempt to numb the pain of those feelings with alcohol or drugs. Substance abuse is a major risk factor for suicide, says the APA, along with the expression of violent feelings (4). There are about five signs for suicide. The first one is depression. They may be depressed about getting an â€Å"F† on their math test or have had a death in the family. The second sign is talking about suicide. They may say things like â€Å"I'm want to kill myself,† or â€Å"You won't have to worry about me much longer.† The third sign is giving some of their most prized possessions away or writing out their will. Some people give away their favorite clothes, stereo systems, or even their cars. The fourth sign is that they start taking extremely dangerous risks. They may go rowing without a life preserver, try to fix electrical appliances by themselves, stop wearing their seat belt, and go driving while they are drunk. The fifth sign for suicide is being unexplainable cheerful or happy. By this time they probably have made up their minds about suicide (5). Anyone can be a victim of teen suicide. It could be the all-star of the football team, the girl who has the cutest guy in school, or the hyper-accelerated really smart kid down the street. Everyone has stress and everyone has to deal with it, but not everyone deals with stress the same way. For example one-person may play a sport to release and relieve their tensions, but another may start being depressed and being self-destructive. As you may see there are many different things involved when talking to teens about suicide. Some of these things involved need to be looked are items such as social stature of the adolescent, if there is apparent substance abuse, and how the child is performing in school. If an adolescent ever contemplates suicide the parent or guardian should immediately seek help. Contrary to popular belief, people who talk about suicide are likely to follow through. Pay attention to phrases such as, â€Å"It's no use, I'd be better off dead.† Also be suspicious if a child who has been very depressed suddenly becomes cheerful or hopeful. This intense mood swing may indicate that he believes suicide will be a solution to all his problems.

Computers and Sociology

In Liberal Arts Computers and Sociology Sociologists study societies and social behavioral patterns through an analysis of social, political, religious and economic groups. Sociologist study society combining both theoretical and practical methods. com/sociology-exam-3-chapters-6-8/">Sociology Is based around four major components: social, cultural, physical, and demographic. How Individuals form social groups and the means of how they develop Is an Intricate determinant for a sociologist's conclusions. Sociologists specialize in various areas including family dynamics, race and ethnicity, war and revolution, gender roles, socioeconomics and much more.Sociologists are geared to be curious and observant. Always concerned with observing, analyzing, defining, testing, and explaining human behavior. There is no area of modern life where a sociological perspective is of no value. From marketing to business to criminology to medlclne to government, the research provided by sociologist impr oves sales, increases production, shape social policies, resolve socials injustice and promotes political platforms. Statistics and computers are a key component to the work of a sociologist.Strong analytical skills, data gathering, survey methods and computer techniques are the foundation of ociology. In todays age of computer expansion Is neither person nor thing left unaffected by computers. Computers are using in almost every field of work and aspect of life. Since the 1980's after computers were mainly using for warfare assistance, computers are used on a daily basis. Whether it is at home, school, or the workplace computers and the technology, which it brought about, is commonly used all over the world.The affect computers have had on society has been immeasurable, with many advantages and few disadvantages. In the past the only way for long distance communication was through he letter system. Now we still use the letter system but the speed of the Internet Is nowhere near rea sonable comparison. Like society, communication has been much more efficient and resourceful. Information gathering is now a simple task. Whereas before a person would have to do strenuous searching through books and archives, now information about basically anything can be found at the click of a button.Business has also profited greatly by the innovation of computers. The technical efficiency of computers has structured a new business market that has benefited corporate leaders all the way down to consumers. The standard education and the standard of living have increased. Task such as shopping, booking tickets for shows or airlines, checking bank accounts, etc can all done online. Life is now structured around convince. Criminal records now are also found online, no information is left unavailable. Nowadays basic requirements for most Jobs are knowledge of computers and how use various types of software.Computers are apart of everyone's lives whether they desire It or not. Societ y Is made to De Torever evolving ana people, Duslness, polltlcs, even rellglon nave ana will ontinue to adapt to this convenient and efficient lifestyle. Computers and technology has become an indispensable part of our lives. The need for constant communication and information is evident. Technology comes in an abundant amount of forms from the desktop, laptop, tablet, smart phone and so much more. Society has made every person and thing is made accessible.This massive technological boom is affecting every culture. It is drastically changing the ways in which people live their lives. People are easily connected by state-to-state country-to-country and so on. Ideas and information are spread faster and further han ever before. In the end the advancements in communication technology has ultimately brought cultures closer all over the world. For many people in the workforce computers have had an overwhelming effect because of the drastic changes brought upon them; including changes to their work routine and structure.Employees today are in the middle of an information revolution. There is a complete change in the way work is done. Meaning past required skills are archaic and new evolved technological skills are required. For many these changes must bring about fear and resistance. The effect of the Internet on work has also had a great influence on society. Starling weighed in on the issues stating that, â€Å"They generally point to a redistribution of work (and the money that comes with it) out of established centers, such as Western cities, and into more remote areas.Teleworkers can operate in deep countryside, beyond the range of commuters. International data centers can be placed in any country with a passable education system. The ‘net' effect is probably a good one, redistributing wealth out of concentrated hotspots in cities of the west and into the world at large. (Starling) Starlings view is one that is very positive on the vast effects of comput ers and the world of globalization pushing marketing through ‘cyberspace' as a tool for creating world market opportunities in poorer countries.Gabey coincides with his idea of the boom of â€Å"e-commerce† and its worldwide popularity, â€Å"At the time of writing, every four seconds a further eleven organizations establish an Internet presence thereby linking the to the world's most successful, broadly spread communications network – the World Wide Web. BY 2023, worldwide more than 4 billion people will be surfing he Web, from ‘Teeny Techies' (aged 6-16) to ‘Silver Surfers' (aged 50+). (Gabey) Through the benefits of computers and bountiful there are still some negative side effects on society.Society is no longer interested in a common well-being but more of their lives and own problems. The ways of togetherness and the spirit of working together with one another are no longer visible. The ways in which our youth are growing up has drastically cha nged. No longer do kids spend their free time playing with one another or reading books or talking to their family members. The focus is on a screen or idealizing some new gadget. Face-to-face interactions between people have been considerably reduced. The importance of spreading cultural values has been reduced.Computers have drastically affected society to the point that the entire structure of society and some cultures have changed. Starling states that, â€Å"We access the Internet as individuals, rarely groups. We work alone and entertain ourselves alone. We write emails and talk less on the telephone – a different social interaction favoring different skills. The Internet is changing us as individuals, not Just soclety. † (Starllng) We have adapted and altered aspects of our language to accommodate new age erminology with a new vocabulary.Words like boot up, online, upload, download, ‘cloud, email, and various acronyms, such as MAC, PC, www, . com, @, etc. have worked its way into our language. Society has even created new etiquette in communication. Whether for the better or worse computers have had an influential effect on the main sociological institutions of education, economy, and family life. The effects of computer and the technology it had brought fourth are not going to be here for long. That is because the world is forever evolving and adapting and soon society will acclimatize to newer innovations.We cannot predict progress or what will be of our society and culture in the future but we must accept that, good or bad, because the world hold a million and one new possibilities.

Finding, Founding, and Funding

Finding, Founding, and Funding Finding, Founding, and Funding Finding, Founding, and Funding By Mark Nichol Find, found, and fund could conceivably be related on the basis of the notion of obtaining something, but the words (except in the case of the link between find and one of three broad senses of found) stem from independent sources. This post defines these words and others derived from them. Find, in the sense of discovery, is from the Old English verb findan, meaning â€Å"come upon,† â€Å"discover,† or â€Å"obtain.† The past tense is found, but the homograph found, from the Latin verb fundere, meaning â€Å"cast,† â€Å"melt,† or â€Å"pour out,† is unrelated, as is founder (â€Å"collapse,† â€Å"disable,† â€Å"fail,† or â€Å"sink†), stemming ultimately from fundus, a Latin noun meaning â€Å"bottom,† by way of the verb form fundare. A find is something discovered or located, including a person, place, or thing with exceptional qualities. Someone who finds is a finder, as in the phrase â€Å"finder’s fee,† which describes a commission received for helping someone identify a financial opportunity. A finder is also an auxiliary telescope, and a viewfinder is a device on a camera that aids the user in focusing on the photographic subject. A finding is the result of an examination or investigation, while found serves as an adjective as well as a verb, as in the phrase â€Å"found object.† From the past tense of found, foundling describes an abandoned infant who is discovered, and something newfound has just recently been located or discovered. As mentioned, found in the sense of â€Å"establish† has a distinct etymology, as do its kin: founder (â€Å"one who establishes†); founding (a verb and adjective referring to establishment, as in the phrase â€Å"Founding Fathers† to refer to the men instrumental in establishing the United States); and foundation, which pertains to establishment, to an organization that supports an endeavor, to the substructure of a building, or to a cosmetic base or a supporting undergarment. Foundational and foundationally are the adjectival and adverbial forms. Something that is well founded exists with literal or figurative support, such as an organization or a theory, respectively. Something unfounded, by contrast, has no basis of support, as in the case of a rumor; foundationless is also employed for this sense. (These terms apply only to the figurative sense, however.) Fundus, mentioned above as the forebear of founder, is also the basis of fundament, meaning â€Å"base,† and its adjectival form, fundamental. That word is also a noun pertaining to basic principles, thus the use of fundamentalist and fundamentalism to refer to Christians who interpret the Bible literally. Profound, meanwhile, retains only the figurative sense of its ancestor, profundus, and means â€Å"intellectually deep,† and fundus was borrowed directly into English in the anatomical sense of the part of a hollow organ opposite its opening, such as the back of the eye. From fundus we also derive fund, meaning â€Å"capital† or â€Å"stock† in the sense of a financial base (as a verb, it means â€Å"supply with money†); funds and funding refer to money, the former in a basic sense and the latter in the sense of providing funds. Someone who funds is a funder, the withdrawal of funds is defunding, and the return of funds is a refund, while replenishment of funds is re-funding; something without financial support is unfunded. A fund-raiser (the word is sometimes styled fundraiser), meanwhile, refers to an event intended to raise money from admission fees and donations, and crowdfunding (also called microfunding) is a funding strategy involving encouraging widespread but modest financial support for a project from the general public rather than focusing on a small number of large-scale investors. The verb found in the sense of â€Å"cast metal† and the noun form founder are rare, but foundry, referring to the art of casting metal or to a location where the art occurs, is somewhat more familiar. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureTime Words: Era, Epoch, and EonWhat Is a Doctor?

USS South Dakota (BB-57) in World War II

USS South Dakota (BB-57) in World War II In 1936, as the design of the North Carolina-class moved towards finalization, the US Navys General Board met to discuss the two battleships that were to be funded in Fiscal Year 1938.   Though the group favored construction of two addition North Carolinas, Chief of Naval Operations Admiral William H. Standley insisted on a new design.   As a result, construction of these vessels was pushed to FY1939 as naval architects commenced work in March 1937.   While the first two ships were formally ordered on April 4, 1938, an additional pair of vessels was added two months later under the  Deficiency Authorization which passed due to increasing international tensions.   Though the escalator clause of the Second London Naval Treaty had been invoked allowing the new design to mount 16 guns, Congress specified that the vessels stay within the 35,000-ton limit set by the earlier Washington Naval Treaty. In conceiving the new South Dakota-class, naval architects developed a wide variety of designs for consideration.   A key challenge proved to be finding ways to improve upon the North Carolina-class but remain within the tonnage limit.   The result was the design of a shorter, by approximately 50 feet, battleship that employed an inclined armor system.   This allowed for better underwater protection than its predecessors.   As fleet commanders desired vessels capable of 27 knots, designers worked to find a way to accomplish this despite the shorter hull length.   This was found through the creative arrangement of machinery, boilers, and turbines.   For armament, the South Dakotas mirrored the North Carolinas in mounting nine Mark 6 16 guns in three triple turrets with a secondary battery of twenty dual-purpose 5 guns.   These weapons were supplemented by an extensive and constantly evolving array of anti-aircraft guns.   Assigned to New York Shipbuilding in Camden, NJ, USS South Dakota (BB-57) was laid down on July 5, 1939.   The lead ships design varied slightly from the rest of the class as it was intended to fulfill the role of a fleet flagship.   This saw an extra deck added to the conning tower to provide additional command space.   To accommodate this, two of the ships twin 5 gun mounts were removed.   Work on the battleship continued and it slid down the ways on June 7, 1941, with Vera Bushfield, wife of South Dakota Governor Harlan Bushfield serving as sponsor.   As construction moved toward completion, the US entered World War II following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.   Commissioned on March 20, 1942, South Dakota entered service with Captain Thomas L. Gatch in command.   To the Pacific Conducting shakedown operations in June and July, South Dakota received orders to sail for Tonga.   Passing through the Panama Canal, the battleship arrived on September 4.   Two days later, it struck coral in the Lahai Passage causing damage to the hull.   Steaming north to Pearl Harbor, South Dakota underwent the necessary repairs.   Sailing in October, the battleship joined Task Force 16 which included the carrier USS Enterprise (CV-6).   Rendezvousing with USS Hornet (CV-8) and Task Force 17, this combined force, led by Rear Admiral Thomas Kinkaid, engaged the Japanese at the Battle of Santa Cruz on October 25-27.   Attacked by enemy aircraft, the battleship screened the carriers and sustained a bomb hit on one of its forward turrets.   Returning to Noumà ©a after the battle, South Dakota collided with the destroyer USS Mahan while attempting to avoid a submarine contact.   Reaching port, it received repairs for the damage caused in the fighting and from the coll ision.   Sortieing with TF16 on November 11, South Dakota detached two days later and joined USS Washington (BB-56) and four destroyers.   This force, led by Rear Admiral Willis A. Lee, was ordered north on November 14 after American forces suffered heavy losses in the opening phases of the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal.   Engaging Japanese forces that night, Washington and South Dakota sank the Japanese battleship Kirishima.   In the course of the battle, South Dakota suffered a brief power outage and sustained forty-two hits from enemy guns.   Withdrawing to  Noumà ©a, the battleship made temporary repairs before departing for New York to receive an overhaul.   As the US Navy wished to limit the operational information provided to the public, many of South Dakotas early actions were reported as those of Battleship X. Europe Arriving at New York on December 18, South Dakota entered the yard for approximately two months of work and repairs.   Rejoining active operations in February, it sailed in the North Atlantic in consort with USS Ranger (CV-4) until mid-April.   The following month, South Dakota joined Royal Navy forces at Scapa Flow where it served in a task force under Rear Admiral Olaf M. Hustvedt.   Sailing in conjunction with its sister, USS Alabama (BB-60), it acted as a deterrent against raids by the German battleship Tirpitz.   In August, both battleships received orders to transfer to the Pacific.   Touching at Norfolk, South Dakota reached Efate on September 14.   Two months later, it sailed with the carriers of Task Group 50.1 to provide cover and support for the landings on Tarawa and Makin.     Ã‚   Island Hopping On December 8, South Dakota, in company with four other battleships, bombarded Nauru before returning to Efate to replenish.   The following month, it sailed to support the invasion of Kwajalein.   After striking targets ashore, South Dakota withdrew to provide cover for the carriers.   It remained with Rear Admiral Marc Mitschers carriers as they mounted a devastating raid against Truk on February 17-18.   The following weeks, saw South Dakota continue to screen the carriers as they attacked the Marianas, Palau, Yap, Woleai, and Ulithi.   Briefly pausing at Majuro in early April, this force returned to sea to assist Allied landings in New Guinea before mounting additional raids against Truk.   After spending much of May at Majuro engaged in repairs and upkeep, South Dakota steamed north in June to support the invasion of Saipan and Tinian.    On June 13, South Dakota shelled the two islands and two days later aided in defeating a Japanese air attack.   Steaming with the carriers on June 19, the battleship took part in the Battle of the Philippine Sea.   Though a resounding victory for the Allies, South Dakota sustained bomb hit that killed 24 and wounded 27.   In the wake of this, the battleship received orders to make for Puget Sound Navy Yard for repairs and an overhaul.   This work occurred between July 10 and August 26.   Rejoining the Fast Carrier Task Force, South Dakota screened attacks on Okinawa an Formosa that October.   Later in the month, it provided cover as the carriers moved to aid General Douglas MacArthurs landings on Leyte in the Philippines.   In this role, it participated in the Battle of Leyte Gulf and served in Task Force 34 which was detached at one point to aid American forces off Samar. Between Leyte Gulf and February 1945, South Dakota sailed with the carriers as they covered the landings on Mindoro and launched raids against Formosa, Luzon, French Indochina, Hong Kong, Hainan, and Okinawa.   Moving north, the carriers attacked Tokyo on February 17 before shifting to assist the invasion of Iwo Jima two days later.   After additional raids against Japan, South Dakota arrived off Okinawa where it supported the Allied landings on April 1.   Providing naval gunfire support for troops ashore, the battleship suffered an accident on May 6 when a tank of powder for the 16 guns exploded.   The incident killed 11 and injured 24.   Withdrawn to Guam and then Leyte, the battleship spent much of May and June away from the front. Final Actions Sailing on July 1, South Dakota covered American carriers as they struck Tokyo ten days later.   On July 14, it took part in the bombardment of the Kamaishi Steel Works which marked the first attack by surface ships on the Japanese mainland.   South Dakota remained off Japan for the remainder of the month and into August alternately protecting the carriers and conducting bombardment missions.   It was in Japanese waters when hostilities ceased on August 15.   Proceeding to Sagami Wan on August 27, it entered Tokyo Bay two days later.   After being present for the formal Japanese surrender aboard USS Missouri (BB-63) on September 2, South Dakota  departed for the West Coast on the 20th.    Arriving at San Francisco, South Dakota moved down the coast to San Pedro before receiving orders to steam to Philadelphia on January 3, 1946.   Reaching that port, it underwent an overhaul before being shifted to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet that June.   On January 31, 1947, South Dakota was formally decommissioned.   It remained in reserve until June 1, 1962, when it was removed from the Naval Vessel Registry prior to being sold for scrap that October.   For its service in World War II, South Dakota earned thirteen battle stars.

Exhibition Paper; Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exhibition Paper; - Essay Example The most renowned statues from the era include the Donatello and Nanni sculptures (Burgio, Clark, & Hark, 2010). Both masterpieces are held at the Museo dell’Opera de Muomo exhibition. The study seeks to implement the visual description of the sculptures as seen in the exhibition with a contextual inclusion of sculptural production in the Florentine Age of the 15th century. The renowned sculpture of Donatello remains an uncontested artifact of the period because of its unique inclusion of proportion in a rather hard to shape material. The 1418 sculpture depicts a biblical version of the events surrounding Isaac’s sacrifice. The sculptor engaged in the use of marble, and it is apparent that his knowledge in the field compelled his conclusion that he would deliver an exemplary artwork in the end. Arguably, the sculptor developed a theological concept prior to the beginning of the work; hence, the evidence shown in the sculptures facial expressions depicts the application of â€Å"scientific naturalism† (Long, 2013). The prevailing evidence from the visual surveillance inclines knowledge to a contemporary viewer that the use of grey almost brown colors emerges from the philosophical freedom held by the sculptor during the Florentine culture. While at the exhibition, a viewer could define the emotional expressions shown in the sculpture of Donatello on Isaac’s sacrifice. Such credentials declare the fury that Abraham felt once ordered by God to honor him through sacrificing his only child. In the contemporary culture, a viewer would agree with the sculptor’s perspective in developing the 191-centimeters’ tall sculpture. The taller figure of the sculpture seems to dominate the smaller one who is in a kneeling position (Burgio, Clark, & Hark, 2010). The rust-brown sculpture depicts a Biblical expression that the sacrifice was to accord God’s will as the taller figure looks upwards while holding a knife on the smaller

Government Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Government Failure - Essay Example Endogenous preferences refer to preferences that are dependent on other factors that actually influence preference. For instance, demand for the latest mobile phones is driven by technological advancements. In this case, technological advancement highly influences demand for latest phones. The fact that circumstances can change preferences justifies public policy. Unaccepted preferences, on the other hand, are those whose impact on other preferences is negative. Education preference, for example, varies across individuals. However, through public policy, unacceptable preferences are regulated on social interest grounds. Utilitarian social welfare function – Preferences and the resultant consequences are evaluated for each and every individual and then summed up. Individual utilities for a given good are aggregated, and therefore, every utility of an individual prior to the good is incorporated. Individual ranking in the market or society is not taken into account. A public policy that results from this choice is likely to depict aspects of loopholes in the observance of individual rights. Minimum allocation choice is not guaranteed. Rawlsian social welfare function – This function is characterized by social equality. This is achieved through presenting maximum benefit to the disadvantaged in the society. Decisions on social institutions depend on people’s individual endowments in society. Where social institutions system is to be established without prior knowledge the endowments, the resultant social welfare function aims at uplifting and benefiting the least advantaged in the society. Public policy under this choice is basically equality-tailored, although wealth creation incentives are likely to be reduced in that process.

Review of relevant literature Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Review of relevant literature - Research Paper Example E-wastes have serious health and environmental implications that emanate from the different components contained. They contain lead particles that are toxic and can affect the nervous systems of humans when consumed. Possible means of consumption include through deposits in drinking water. Mercury can cause dysfunction of the genitourinary system of the body. Cadmium is one of the components of e-wastes that have toxic elements that affect the kidney. They are possible escalators of kidney failures. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, a component that is in e-wastes is equally dangerous. These hydrocarbons have causal effects on skins as diseases and deep irritation. Water pollution is a serious environmental effect of e-wastes. Contamination of soils and subsequent degradation of soil productivity is a notable effect of e-wastes that are not properly disposed. The ever-increasing cases of disorders, caused by contamination from the components of e-wastes, calls for interventions a nd remedial strategies. A study on the effects of e-wastes, therefore, would contribute to the knowledge on the impacts of e-wastes on human health and the environment. This provides justification of the study because of its contribution to the knowledge aimed at sensitization of the public on the environmental and health effects of e-wastes. ... Although developed countries find the process of e-waste recycling by use of modern and proper technologies to be efficient, they do not have viable systems set in place to manage the high amount of waste produced. Improper e-waste disposal by developed countries is among the major environmental threats to developing countries since developed countries tend to dispose their excess e-waste in developing countries. Because of the lack of or improper mechanisms by developing countries to address the challenge of hazardous e-waste disposed on their lands, it is essential to educate the average person on ways of managing e-waste. It is noteworthy that the average persons, who constitute a high proportion of the population of developing countries, are prone to the effects of e-waste. This prompts the research on the various ways that the average person can use in the management of e-waste. Kumar proposes the use of formal recyclers as the major players in the waste recycling sector (893). The average person should use methods that are hygienic and inexpensive in the management of e-wastes. This research, therefore, offers an insight into some of the best methods that are applicable by the average person in managing e-wastes. Advancement in technology, according to Kalana, is among the escalators of increased amount of e-wastes in the environment (132). The study by Kalana identifies diverse methods that households can apply in the management of e-waste that continue to pose a great threat to them because of the increase in technological innovations. The study area, Shah Alam, Selangor, consists of middle-income earners and, therefore has a high number of the

Platinum Resistance Thermometer

Platinum Resistance Thermometer Platinum Resistance Thermometer How it works: The simplest resistance thermometer configuration uses two wires. It is only used when high accuracy is not required as the resistance of the connecting wires is always included with that of the sensor leading to errors in the signal. Using this configuration you will be able to use 100 meters of cable. This applies equally to balanced bridge and fixed bridge system. Temperature range: Operating Range -200  °C to 1200  °C Advantage: It has a wide range and is very accurate. It is best for small steady temperatures. Disadvantages: Unsuitable for rapidly changing temperature. Slow to respond. Optical Pyrometer How it works: A pyrometer has an optical system and detector. The optical system focuses thermal radiation onto the detector. The output signal of the detector (Temperature T) is related to the thermal radiation or irradiance of the target object through the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the constant of proportionality, called the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and the emissivity of the object. This output is used to infer the objects temperature. Thus, there is no need for direct contact between the pyrometer and the object, as there is with thermocouple and Resistance temperature detector (RTDs). Uses: The optical pyrometer is widely employed for accurate measurement of the temperature of furnaces, molten metals and other heated materials. It is primarily used in the range of 1000 to 50008F. Most optical pyrometers are manually operated and thereby are somewhat limited in their application. Pyrometers are suited especially to the measurement of moving objects or any surfaces that cannot be reached or cannot be touched. Temperature range: Optical Pyrometers with a range of 700C 1250C have an accuracy better than  ± 58C while those having a range of 1100 -1900 have an accuracy better than  ±108C. Temperature ranges can be measured between approximately 1,300 to 5,800oF (700 to 3,200oC), and with appropriate filters, the disappearing-filament pyrometer temperature ranges can be ex-tended to approximately 18,000oF (10,000oC). Advantages: Measures high temperatures. Thermocouple How it works: It consists of two dissimilar metals, joined together at one end, which produce a small unique voltage at a given temperature. This voltage is measured and interpreted by a thermocouple thermometer. Uses: A thermocouple is a sensor for measuring temperature. However, thermocouples have a wide temperature range (-200 to 2000  °C) and are often needed simply because alternative devices do not operate at the desired temperature. In addition, they are relatively low-cost and versatile. Temperature range: Operating Range -200  °C to 2000  °C Advantages: Wide range, robust and compact and good for rapidly changing temperatures. Disadvantage: For good quality a milli voltmeter is needed. When to use RTDs or thermocouples The two most common ways of measuring industrial temperatures are with resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) and thermocouples. But when should control engineers use a Thermocouple and when should they use an RTD? The answer is usually determined by four factors: Factors: Temperature, time, size, and overall accuracy requirements. If process temperatures fall from -328 to 932 °F (-200 to 500 °C), then an industrial RTD is the preferred option. Thermocouples have a range of -180  °C to 1300  °C (-300 to 2300  °F) so for extremely high temperatures they are the only contact temperature measurement choice. If the process requires a very fast response to temperature changes-fractions of a second as opposed to seconds (i.e. 2.5 to 10 s)-then a thermocouple is the best choice. Keep in mind that time response is measured by immersing the sensor in water moving at 1 m/s (3 ft/s) with a 63.2% step change. A standard RTD sheath is 3.175 to 6.35mm (0.125 to 0.25 in.) in diameter, while sheath diameters for thermocouples can be less than 1.6mm (0.062 in.). If the process only requires a tolerance of 2  °C or greater, then a thermocouple is appropriate. If the process needs less than 2  °C tolerance, then an RTD is sometimes the only choice. Keep in mind, unlike RTDs that can maintain stability for many years, thermocouples can drift within the first few hours of use.

Essay on the Test of Faith in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown

Young Goodman Brown:Â   A Test of Faith The story Young Goodman Brown is about a man and his faith in himself, his wife, and the community they reside in. Goodman Brown must venture on a journey into the local forest, refuse the temptations of the devil, and return to the village before sunrise. The time era is approximately a generation after the time of the witch trials. Goodman Brown's struggle between good and evil is a struggle he does not think he can face. He reiterates his false confidence to himself repeatedly. Goodman knows what he must do but dreads the deed. Upon entering the forest he is suspicious of every rock and tree, thinking something evil will jump out at him. When he finally does meet someone on the trail, who appears to be of evil origin, he feels confident that he can refuse any temptations. This evil person makes several advances and Goodman refuses. This makes Goodman feel strong until they meet his childhood catechism teacher and see her turned. This act deters his confidence to a great degree. He continues down the trail looking for hope in the heavens but hears onl... ...community. Although these career driven people do not have a book to guide their path, they pursue it none the less. Some of these people have lost, or never had the belief, of reaching heaven, or even its existence. These people are the peers of the believers and set the rules or guidelines for career goals. So in effect the status in the community is a way of saying they are better. The people who do not believe in any god-like being fight in an effort to make their mark on the world, for this is the only they can be recognized or remembered. Â  

Articles of Confederation : an Ineffective Government

Articles of Confederation : An Ineffective Government Whoever said that the Articles of Confederation provided the United States with an effective government was completely incorrect. The United States were not united under this government. The United States could not stand up for itself against other countries. Also, the United States were not stable economically under the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation did not provide a good government for America. Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States were not united at all.The Articles of Confederation created a central government that was not strong at all. The government established a tax quota for each of the states and asked them please to contribute their share on a voluntary basis. They were lucky if the states paid one-fourth of the requested amount. America had just gotten away from England and all of its taxes, so there was no reason to let their own government do the same. In John Jay’s letter to George Washington in 1786, he says that he is more worried about impending crisis caused by the Articles of Confederation than he was about the Revolutionary War.He was thinking that some people were not in agreement with the government and wanted it to be completely gone. He was worried for a good reason because three years earlier there was an attempt by a group of farmers from Pennsylvania to run the government out of Philadelphia. Also, the states acted like their own countries and only looked out for themselves. Rhode Island is a good example of this because they rejected a request by Congress to put a tax on imported goods. They ignored the fact that America was in a massive amount of debt to the Spanish, French and Dutch.They chose to better themselves rather than to better the country. They said that the tax would be hard on their state and would go against the constitution of their state. Rhode Island denied a tax that was suggested by the country’s central government because it conflicted with their own government. Also, based on the map of WESTERN LANDS CEDED BY THE STATES, the states were claiming territories as their own and not as a whole nation. Virginia claimed more than two-thirds of the Northwest Territory from the other states. There were also disputes over boundaries and taxes put on goods from state to state.New York taxed firewood from Connecticut and cabbage from New Jersey at one time. Also, there were a few rebellions. A noticeable one was Shay’s Rebellion, which had debt-ridden farmers tried to free themselves from the demands of the government. All these different conflicts and incidents point to the nation being not united due to the weakness of the Articles of Confederation. While under the Articles of Confederation, the United States could not stand up for itself. The Articles of Confederation stopped the country from successfully raising an army.To do so, the government had to ask the state to meet their t roop quotas, which usually did not happen. The government had no power to enforce this. The weak central government also did not have the power to back its foreign policies with military strength. John Jay had experienced other nations not taking the United States seriously. When Jay negotiated with the Spanish Minister de Gardoqui, he attempted to regain use of the Mississippi, which had been closed to American Commerce in 1784. Jay said that the Spanish should be careful because the American population was growing rapidly and de Gardoqui denied him.The minister of Spain said that the Americans should relinquish their right to navigate the Mississippi. Despite Jay’s warning, the Spanish Minister refused to take the United States seriously. Since the Articles of Confederation would not allow the government to raise an army effectively, Spain had no reason to take the United States seriously. The country had no way of standing up for itself. England felt that America stabbed t hem in the back and for that, did not send a minister to the capital for eight years.England poked fun at how little unity the states had by saying that if they sent one minister, they might as well send thirteen. John Jay gave specific instructions to the United States Minister to England. He wanted the minister to be very respectful and make the United States look better. Since the United States could not actually stand up for itself under the Articles of Confederation, Jay wanted it to look like they did. Also, Spain gave the United States trouble. Spain took Florida which had been given to the United States by England in 1783.No country took the United States seriously and would continue to walk all over them until the United States could stand up for itself. The United States were not economically stable while under the Articles of Confederation. One main reason for economic struggle was that there were so many types of currency being used that trade with other states was near impossible. There were fourteen total types of currency, one from each state and the rarely used Continental. The Articles of Confederation did not allow the government to control commerce.This left states free to make different, often contradicting, laws of navigation and trading. With all of this conflict, making money was very difficult because one state always had to pay another for some navigation law to do any trading at all. The Articles of Confederation also left the government unable to levy taxes. The government could ask the states nicely, but couldn’t actually enforce the payment. Another economic struggle was caused by European countries such as England and Spain. England declined to make a commercial treaty and also would not remove its old navigation laws.England was just trying to be a â€Å"thorn in the side† of the United States. If the United States were under a better government, they could make up for the monetary losses to England by levying taxes of their own. Based on the chart showing the United States’ value of exports to England and population, it seems like the numbers are all over the place. The export profits are never constantly increasing even though the population is increasing. Usually, if the population goes up, so do the number of goods exported and prices will go down.That is true for this time period, however, England is not buying all that the United States have to export. The central government of the United States cannot regulate trade at all and it is deeply affecting the profits. Also, Spain closing the Mississippi River does not help the American trade. The entire western part of the United States uses that river for exporting. That cut off a large amount of profit for Americans. None of that would have happened if the United States were under a stronger government than the Articles of Confederation provided.The Articles of Confederation did not help American trade. Some people may have thought t hat the Articles of Confederation provided an effective government, but they did not. The United States were not united at all under the Articles of Confederation. The United States could not stand up for itself and be taken seriously under the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation caused the United States to be economically unstable. The Articles of Confederation never provided the United States with an effective government.

Responsible Leadership in a Stakeholder Society- a Relational Perspective

We understand responsible leadership as a social-relational and ethical phenomenon, which occurs in social processes of interaction. While the prevailing leadership literature has for the most part focused on the relationship between leaders and followers in the organization and defined followers as subordinates, we show in this article that leadership takes place in interaction with a multitude of followers as stakeholders inside and outside the corporation. Using an ethical lens, we discuss leadership responsibilities in a stakeholder society, thereby following Bass and Steidelmeier’s suggestion to discuss ‘‘leadership in the context of contemporary stakeholder theory’’ (1999: 200). Moreover, from a relational and stakeholder perspective we approach the questions: What is responsible leadership? What makes a responsible leader? What qualities are needed? Finally, we propose a so-called ‘‘roles model’’ of responsible leadership, which gives a gestalt to a responsible leader and describes the different roles he or she takes in leading stakeholders and business in society. †¢Leading in a global and interconnected world: clients and customers, employees, business partners, social and natural environment, shareholders †¢Leadership and stakeholder theory †¢Towards a theory of responsible leadership- What is the purpose of leadership in a stakeholder society: Engage with others What is the function of the leader in the leader–follower relationship? The results and success of leadershipdepend on the constructions and co-ordinated actions of both leaders and stakeholders the results and success of leadership depend on the constructions and co-ordinated actions of both leaders and stakeholders †¢What makes a responsible leader? Responsible leadership is the art of building and sustaining goo d relationships to all relevant stakeholders †¢What qualities do responsible leaders need? Ethical intelligence consists of three key components: moral awareness, moral reflection and moral imagination. Modelling a (responsible) leader’s roles The leader as steward The leader as citizen The leader as visionary The leader as servant The leader as coach The leader as architect The leader as storyteller and meaning enabler The leader as change agent Conclusion: We argued that leadership is a social-relational and ethical phenomenon that occurs in interaction between a leader and a broader group of followers, inside and outside the organization. These followers are in fact a leader’s stakeholders – they are either affected by a leader’s action or have a stake in the leadership project. Often, they have an equal status. In this article, we therefore contended that in a global and networked stakeholder environment the concept of the leader as the great man at the top of the pyramid, as the main creator of economic and social reality with followers as subordinates who are dedicated to ‘‘do the leader’s wishes’’, is no longer valid. Instead, leaders are understood as equal human beings who earn a license to lead from their followers.